Sanford's House

Parent Place or Precinct

01915 Lynton Convict Hiring Depot (Ruins)

Uses

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The Lynton Homestead is of very high historic, social and aesthetic significance to the district and the State because of its associations with the convict hiring depot, the links with the Port Gregory area and the commanding setting and construction of its buildings.

Physical Description

Sanford's imposing two storey residence sits on the side of a hill closer to the coast than the hiring station (Site No.25). The lower floor, with kitchen and possible servant's rooms is cut into the side of the hill so that the rear of the upper floor is virtually at ground level. Originally the house had large verandah/balconies across the front which had collapsed and been removed. Recently grants have helped fund a restoration programme which has seen the limestone walls stabilised, the roof reinstated and the verandah/balconies replaced. The homestead has several significant stone out buildings These include a well proportioned barn, still in good condition through having enjoyed a continuing useful life, and a stone flour mill which has been re-roofed and restored in recent years. Down towards the convict hiring depot, under the shade of a tree, is a small cemetery with three graves including two children's graves. Unfortunately the headstones are deteriorating and have suffered damage by stock over the years

History

Known variously as Sanford's House, the Lynton Homestead and the Governor's Residence, Captain H.A. Sanford, the supervisor of the convict depot had an elegant, two-storeyed house built for himself in 1853. The date is carved into the keystone above the main doorway. Set against the side of a limestone hill, it was positioned in the sheltered lee of a breakaway, overlooking the valley and the distant sea at the mouth of the Hutt River. Lynton, the name given to Sanford's residence, was named after a little English village in Upper Tooting, Surrey. Like the buildings of the hiring depot, the house was built of faced limestone. Although parts of old ships masts were used for the balcony and verandah posts of the homestead, other timber had to be transported from Fremantle. (Trenaman, p. 13). The house was built with no inner staircase- steps outside led up to the higher level. Nearby Sanford had a circular stone -mill and a large barn erected. The convict arrow, cut into the stone high on the eastern wall of the barn, suggests that it was convict built. However other sources claim that the arrow was a later addition carved by T.P.Crothers during repairs to the barn in the 1920s. (Lyn Diepeveen). There were also yards and gardens and a well, but these have now gone. Captain Henry Ayshford Sanford first arrived on the 'Dido', on the 7th Dec. 1852, and was appointed Magistrate of the Territory (a Justice of the Peace) and Superintendent of Convicts. In 1853 he was appointed to take charge of the Port Gregory Hiring Station as well as Sub Collector of Customs and District Registrar for the port. Sanford was only at the Depot for a year, resigning his commission in December 1854 in order to pursue his other local interests, including whaling, farming and mining. Sanford leased 48 000 acres surrounding the Lynton Townsite area which was surveyed in 1853, and on 9th Oct. 1853, purchased Victoria Location No. 10, of 150 acres where the homestead was built. When he decided to return to England in 1858, Sanford leased the homestead to Mr Charles von Bibra, who opened a store, (and was later granted a publicans license) to serve the passing miners, bullock drivers, whalers and shepherds in the area. Sanford then leased the property to Mr Bateman who ran a boarding house in the homestead. In 1860 Sanford returned from England with his bride of some months whom he took to live at Lynton. Although they did not live there long it was not until 7 August 1869 that the property was transferred to Mr Robert Mace Habgood for the sum of 500 pounds, along with other blocks in Packington and Lynton (Blocks M,N, & O). Lynton was transferred to Robert Henry Habgood in 1883 and then to Sarah Habgood in 1889. The property was sold the following year to Rev. Daniel Glyn Watkins and Edward Horne-Wittenoom. The Brand family owned Lynton from c1907-1941 when it was sold to Ross Eric and Henry Ronald Drage. They sold it to Donald Edward and Henry Frederick Broad in 1949. In 1960 the property was purchased by George S. A. Bunter. Three years later, it was bought by the Simkin family. The house was occupied and maintained in reasonable condition, at least until the 1940's [S. Simkin]. Since then it has served as a farm store and until recently has been in a poor state of repair. However, community efforts have now resulted in the building being re-roofed and the stonework stabilised. The land on which the depot and Sanford' s house stand has been donated by the Simkin family, and is vested in the Shire of Northampton. Chronology Entries 1853 Captain Sanford was appointed magistrate of the Port Gregory district. 1854 Captain Sanford leased his property to Charles von Bibra. 1856 Permission was granted to Charles von Bibra to open a public boarding house with a license to reta:i spirits at Sanford House. This was the first liquor licence issued in the Victoria District.

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: Medium Modifications: New CGI roof Orig'l Fabric: Reasonably intact

Condition

Poor

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Alma School (fmr)

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The school and trees have high social and historic significance for the local community, as is evident by the Bicentennial commemorative plaque.

Physical Description

Typical timber framed one classroom pavilion-type building of the period, with verandah along one side. The weatherboard building, on timber stumps and with timber flooring, has a brick chimney across the south-west corner. The high gable ends have metal louvre wall vents. A tall double hung nine pane window, with high sill is adjacent to the four panel entry door and highlight opening off the verandah. There are three 6 pane double hung windows with pivoting 6 pane highlight over on opposite wall to entry. High ceilings and internal walls are clad in plasterboard with timber battens. The corner fireplace is still operational. Original blackboards with timber shelf brackets and surrounds exist in good condition. There is a timber dais across the full width of the room under the front blackboard. The CGI roof is painted red. Adjacent to the old school are tennis courts and an unsympathetic concrete block shelter shed. The adjacent large eucalypts are significant to the site and require protection. Outbuildings (shelter shed & toilets) have since been demolished.

History

The original Alma School was located south of the present building near the Iga Mine, on Unanderra Gully. The site is marked by two tall lemon scented gum trees which were planted when the school was built in 1905. Education Department records reveal that the school was opened on 6 August 1905 with an enrolment of 13 pupils. In rural communities schools were often relocated to follow the moving farming population. Tenders were called in December 1911 to relocate Alma School [Geraldton Guardian 07/12/1911). In April 1912 the Alma School was moved to a position near the junction of Rob Road and North West Coastal Highway. The new building consisted of a combined school and teacher's quarters. When the classroom became too small a partition was removed to make the room larger. The teacher at the time, Mr Passmore, had to live in a tent nearby. In 1916 the present school building was constructed and the old building was once again used as the teacher's quarters. In 1946 the present governing group, "Alma Community Centre", formed with the aim of providing support to the school and promoting community activities, such as a tennis club, for local residents. The school functioned until 1956 when it became one of the numerous casualties of the centralisation of education. Since then children in this locality have been transported by bus to Northampton. Other schools which suffered the same fate as Alma include Ajana (Site No. 188), Sandy Gully (Site No. 193), Isseka (Site No. 189), Yuba (Site 191), and Galena (Site No.159). These sites, including Alma, are marked by Bicentennial commemorative plaques. In 1957 local residents purchased the Alma school building from the Education Department for 120 pounds and two years later the land was vested in the Northampton Road Board (now Shire) as Hall and Recreation. Since then the Alma School building has been used as a community hall, where meetings and social occasions are often held, including the traditional children's Christmas Tree, quiz nights and small concerts. Local community efforts have maintained the building in an excellent condition. Chronology Entries 24/08/1956 The Alma School was officially closed by the Education Department. The building was thep. purchased by local residents for use as a community hall.

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: High Orig'l Fabric: Fully intact

Condition

Good

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Old Wheat bin/ weighbridge site and railway turntable

Parent Place or Precinct

01911 Northampton Railway Station Precinct

Uses

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The sites have high local significance historically and socially and the trees and weighbridge are important surviving reminders of the activity previously associated with the place.

Physical Description

This is the former site of bulk wheat / grain handling adjacent to the old railway precinct in Northampton. The site is identified in Robinson Street by a row of Morton Bay Figs and Pepper trees that line the front of the old site. The original cast iron set of scales, and the timber weighbridge deck (set into a concrete platform) are all that remains on the site of the former wheat bins. The wheat bins have been relocated onto the southern outskirts of town adjacent to the highway and more accessible for road transport (see Site No. 140). The Northampton hospital is now located on the site that was part of the railway reserve. The weighbridge can be found behind the hospital to the north where there is also a large cleared, gravel paved area which was probably the actual bin site. At the front of the hospital site, on the corner of Robinson and Stephen Streets, the concrete remains of the old railway turntable can be found.

History

Although work on the State's first government railway line between Geraldton and Northampton commenced in 1874 it was not opened for traffic until 1879. One of the main purposes of the line was to transport lead and copper from the Northampton Mineral Field to the port at Geraldton. The first railway station at Northampton was located further south at Gwalla (Site No.134). However following the extension of the line to Ajana, the station was relocated to a more central position in 1912. The weighbridge and turntable were possibley built then, although it may have been later with the change from bags, measured in bushels, to bulk handling by weight. The site, identified now by the old weighbridge, would most likely have seen the handling originally of wheat in bags before the construction of the old corrugated iron CBH bulk bins in 1936. The wheat bins were constructed to protect the grain awaiting transportation to the port at Geraldton. Later these were replaced by new bins to facilitate road transport, and located on the western outskirts of town (Site No.140). Chronology Entries 1936 The first CBH bin with a 1100 tonne capacity was built in Northampton. 1957 The Geraldton-Northampton-Ajana Railway was closed, the last train ran on 29 April. 1962 The Geraldton-Northampton railway line was removed. Source Pages Geraldton Guardian

Integrity/Authenticity

Orig'l Fabric: ruins.

Condition

Ruin

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Kilally

Parent Place or Precinct

03455 Geraldine Lead Mine Site

Uses

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The homestead and graveyard has historic significance for its associations with the Geraldine Mine and early pastoral development of the district. The Kilally buildings warrant a highest level of protection under the Municipal Inventory, and consideration for entry onto the State Register by reason of its significance to the Geraldine Mine area (Site 7). Steps need to be taken to prevent further deterioration of the stone walls by wandering stock. Interpretive signs may help with the understanding of the significance of the place and discourage damage by sightseers

Physical Description

The Kilally buildings site is several hundred metres north of the Geraldine Mine (Site No.7) on the banks of the Murchison River. All that remains are some of the internal and external stone wall ruins of the house and several outbuildings. Sufficient remains to roughly identify the room layout and uses in some cases. The house ruins are located in a small paddock fenced with low stone walls. Further north of these, another stone wall encloses the cemetery with still clearly marked graves. There are at least 17 graves located here, most date from the 1800s, although 2 are for men killed in mining accidents in the 1920s. Damage is being caused to the stone walls by stock, vegetation growth and uncontrolled access.

History

It is generally understood that the Kilally Homestead was part of the Geraldine mining settlement. Indeed it is believed to have been the various Mine Managers residence, including Samuel Mitchell. The small stone walled paddock was used for horses and stock.

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Warribanno Smelter Complex Ruin

Parent Place or Precinct

15875 Galena Heritage Area

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

1993 The Warribanno Chimney and smelter have very high significance historically for their associations with mining in the district and as some of the earliest secondary industry in the State. They also have high social significance for the impact flourishing mining had on the growth of the Northampton district, towns and peoples lives. Scientifically it is also of great significance demonstrating early specialist smelting techniques. Finally, the chimney has aesthetic significance in itself as an attractive and powerful icon of the mining industry and as an outstanding man-made element in sweeping landscape. 2004 Warribanno Smelter Complex Ruin comprising roasting furnace, reverberatory furnaces, blacksmith's shop, surface flue system, vertical flue shaft/chimney, tunnel flue, 'ruins one and two', all in a ruined condition, together with stone boundary cairns (c. 1849), quarry, and associated landscape and vegetation, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: •the place is closely associated with the Geraldine Lead Mine, situated approximately 5 kilometres northeast, which was the earliest European settlement of the mid-west of Western Australia; •the place is the oldest identified European mining site in Western Australia and is historically linked with the development of the Geraldine Lead Mine, Lynton Convict Hiring Depot and Port Gregory; •it is the oldest surviving smelter in Western Australia and one of the earliest in Australia; •it is an important demonstration of mid-nineteenth century smelting processes and technology; •it has important associations with historical figures, including Augustus Gregory, Henry Gregory and Francis Pearson; •the chimney has been a significant and valued landmark in the region since 1854; and, •the site is highly valued by the community of the mid-west region, •both for its landmark status and as a memorial to the early mining •activity and mining communities of the region.

Physical Description

1993 Ruins of the stone and brick chimney and vertical stone lined shaft remain on top of the hill which has spectacular views of the surrounding countryside. Vents, strategically placed on the side of the hill below the chimney to catch prevailing breezes to aid in the smelting, are identifiable along with races for molten lead and ruins of stone buildings. All are obviously the remnants of a smelter process however the detail of exactly what they represent is not apparent to the unqualified observer. Stone ruins in the paddock adjoining the chimney site appear to be related either as administrative or residential accommodation associated with the smelter. Remnants of the tramway constructed to bring ore from the Geraldine Mine (Site 7) and Galena Mine (Site 6) can be found in the surrounding bush. From the Northwest Coastal Highway follow the Kalbarri road for about 8km, thence north for 8km to the chimney turnoff. For a detailed discussion of the physical evidence, refer to the Conservation Plan by Considine and Griffiths Architects Pty Ltd: 'Warribanno Lead Smelter Complex, Conservation and Management Plan' (prepared for the Northampton Historical Society Inc. Property Management Committee, October 1995). 2004 Ruins of the stone and brick chimney and vertical stone lined shaft remain on top of the hill which has spectacular views of the surrounding countryside (see photos Warribanno NR009 to NR009-3). Vents, strategically placed on the side of the hill below the chimney to catch prevailing breezes to aid in the smelting, are identifiable along with races for molten lead and ruins of stone buildings. All are obviously the remnants of a smelter process; however, the detail of exactly what they represent is not apparent to the unqualified observer. Stone ruins in the paddock adjoining the chimney site appear to be related either as administrative or residential accommodation associated with the smelter. Remnants of the tramway constructed to bring ore from the Geraldine Mine (Site 7) and Galena Mine (Site 6) can be found in the surrounding bush.

History

1993 At the beginning of 1851 the Geraldine Mining Company made inquiries as to the possibility of building a smelter near the mine site. Francis W. Pearson, who had experience in both lead and copper smelting from his work at Newcastle-on-Tyne, was selected to build the smelter. He arrived at the Geraldine with his wife and family in November 1851 and in doing so the Pearsons became the first family settlers at the mine. Indeed, Mrs Pearson is thought to have been the first white woman to come and live permanently in the district. The family lived in a small stone and clay cottage with a thatched roof near the mine site. Completed several months later, the smelter was constructed approx 2 miles south of the Geraldine Mine. It was built into a hill so that the body of the hill could act as an oven. At the base of the chimney a large opening faced the direction of the prevailing westerlies, thus creating a natural bellows. Ore and wood fuel were thrown into the cavern and fired, causing the molten lead to flow out from an opening at the bottom and down a bricked channel, where it cooled and was loaded into small trucks on a very narrow gauge railway. Bricks for the structure are believed to have been brought out from England. The first lead ingots were exported via Port Gregory in 1853. The chimney was originally about 50ft (12m) high. Figures for the export of lead indicate that the smelter worked principally between 1853 & 1859, and produced about 577 tons of lead. In 1979, the National Trust undertook conservation works on the site through the Geraldton Building Company. It is claimed to be the first smelter in Western Australia. M.A. Bain claims that the name is derived from the aboriginal word "Warri-Bunna" meaning fire hill. This name was recorded in the late 1860's by Surveyor Phelps; the hill was possibly named after the smelter went into operation. 2004 For a detailed discussion of the documentary evidence, refer to the Conservation Plan by Considine and Griffiths Architects Pty Ltd: 'Warribanno Lead Smelter Complex, Conservation and Management Plan' (prepared for the Northampton Historical Society Inc. Property Management Committee, October 1995). At the beginning of 1851 the Geraldine Mining Company made inquiries as to the possibility of building a smelter near the mine site. Francis W. Pearson, who had experience in both lead and copper smelting from his work at Newcastle-on-Tyne, was selected to build the smelter. He arrived at the Geraldine with his wife and family in November 1851 and in doing so the Pearsons became the first family settlers at the mine. Indeed, Mrs Pearson is thought to have been the first white woman to come and live permanently in the district. The family lived in a small stone and clay cottage with a thatched roof near the mine site. Completed several months later, the smelter was constructed approx 2 miles south of the Geraldine Mine. It was built into a hill so that the body of the hill could act as an oven. At the base of the chimney a large opening faced the direction of the prevailing westerlies, thus creating a natural bellows. Ore and wood fuel were thrown into the cavern and fired, causing the molten lead to flow out from an opening at the bottom and down a bricked channel, where it cooled and was loaded into small trucks on a very narrow gauge railway. Bricks for the structure are believed to have been brought out from England. The first lead ingots were exported via Port Gregory in 1853. The chimney was originally about 50ft (12m) high. Figures for the export of lead indicate that the smelter worked principally between 1853 & 1859, and produced about 577 tons of lead. In 1979, the National Trust undertook conservation works on the site through the Geraldton Building Company. It is claimed to be the first smelter in Western Australia. M.A. Bain claims that the name is derived from the aboriginal word "Warri-Bunna" meaning fire hill. This name was recorded in the late 1860's by Surveyor Phelps; the hill was possibly named after the smelter went into operation. Chronology Entries 1851 Francis Pearson, a smelter tradesman, his wife Mary Anne and their family settled near the Geraldine Mine area. For the next five years, the Pearsons were the only European family living in the locality. Pearson built the smelters to service the Geraldine Mine. The Warribanno Chimney was completed. Source Ancient Landmarks, Bain, M. A., UWA Press, Perth, 1975 ISBN:0 85564 090 1 page: 95

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: Medium Modifications: Dismantled Smelter Orig'l Fabric: The main part of the chimney has collapsed or been removed.

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Hill View

Parent Place or Precinct

08922 Brookside, Hillview & Surrounds

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The Hillview mud brick building is of historic and scientific significance as a late example of this type of construction and because of the possibility of revealing something of the construction techniques used, which can often only be observed in older, badly deteriorated examples.

Physical Description

The rectangular, mud brick building is starting to deteriorate with exposure of the walls to the elements. The building has been re-roofed in recent times but the walls suffer from lack of protection as there is very little overhang. With better protection the life of the building could easily be extended for it has not deteriorated yet to the point of no return. Some walls have been rendered at an earlier time however the resulting moisture trapped in walls could be a problem. For a building of this period (if c1920 is accurate) it is a very late example of mud brick construction and closer examination may reveal something of techniques used.

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: Low Orig'l Fabric: Intact but deteriorating

Condition

Poor

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Wanerenooka Mine Site

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

Wanerenooka Mine Site, a series of archaeological sites comprising the remains of an early rural industrial complex and settlement, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: •the place is the second oldest copper mine, and possibly the third oldest mine, in Western Australia; •the Warenenooka mine community was the first European settlement in the Northampton area; •the place provides an important demonstration of the nature and organisation of early frontier mining communities; •the place is closely associated with Joseph Lucas Horrocks, former convict and local philanthropist; •the shafts, structural remains and archaeological deposits have high scientific value as demonstrations of early mining techniques and Midwest vernacular architecture, and for their potential to provide archaeological evidence of the life of the miners and their families during the period 1856-1868; •the place has social value to the local community as the originalsettlement from which the town of Northampton developed; and, •the place contains Aboriginal sites which appear to date from the early period of contact with Europeans.

Physical Description

Site and ruins of what is believed to be the first copper mine in WA, (discovered 1855, operable 1856). Some remnants of stone walls of buildings on higher part of site and extensive mine workings on the lower ground below the Water Authority installations. "The site contains a natural spring that is of some significance to the aboriginal community. It also contains remains of explosives magazines, footings and walls, mine shafts, slag dumps and the like, which to the tutored eye, give an indication of the settlement and workings nature." (Considine and Griffith, Northampton Town Planning Scheme Policies.)

History

For full details of the history see the Heritage Council Register assessment documentation and Considine and Griffiths 1996. The first of the great copper mines on the Northampton Mineral Field following discovery of copper in 1855, the Wanerenooka, was opened by the Western Australian Mining Association early in 1856. [Not in 1842; it is commonly held that copper was first found here in 1842 by a shepherd who is reported to have parted with whatever rights he had on the property for 100 pounds - however there is no evidence to confirm this story.] Fremantle merchant Lionel Samson was the Chairman of the Association while Luke Leake and Thomas Burges were Directors. During the first ten years of its operations the mine produced ore to the value of £40,000. An outstanding copper mine in its day, the Wanerenooka was dewatered in 1957 and small amounts of copper and lead ore were raised. The town of Northampton emerged in 1864 from the two separate communities which sprang up around the two original and major copper mines in the district - the Wanerenooka and Gwalla Mines. The spring is believed to have been an aboriginal watering point. Chronology Entries 1855 Copper was discovered at Wanerenooka Hill. 36.5ha of land was purchased and the Waranenooka Copper Mine was established. 1855 Joseph Horrocks resigned his post at the Port Gregory Hiring Station and opened a store at Wanerenooka. He was also a member of the syndicate which opened the copper mine.

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: Low Orig'l Fabric: Ruins

Condition

Poor

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Willow Gully

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Statement of Significance

The Willi Gulli Homestead complex has aesthetic, historic and social significance within both the region and the State because of the excellent authenticity and integrity of its buildings. Its significance is strengthened for its associations with the development of the district, the pastoral industry in the State, and locally with the Williams family.

Physical Description

The Willi Gulli Homestead is a collection of stone farmhouse and associated farm buildings, walls and wells, all relatively intact although some deterioration has occurred. It is an excellent example of a pastoral homestead demonstrating the complexity and self sufficiency necessary to survive successfully in the industry and the environment. As a group of buildings of its type in the district (or possibly the State), it can only be compared with Oakabella for its complexity and the extent of surviving fabric. The main buildings in the group comprise the homestead, with walled front garden and rear walled orchard/dairy paddock. To the rear there is an adjacent kitchen, dining and dairy building at the south west end of the walled garden. At the west end of the rear walled garden are stables and adjoining the homestead is a two storey barn with workshops or storerooms below. Other buildings have also been added in this vicinity and adapted periodically. More recently this building has been used for ablutions, laundry, generator and general storage as an adjunct to the homestead. Further to the north of the two storey barn is a separate 3 roomed rectangular building. Anecdotal evidence from the current owners suggests it could have been the original homestead and was later used as staff quarters, blacksmith shop and stores. On the east of this building is another (third) walled garden/orchard or animal yard running up towards the main road and a more recent corrugated iron, shearing shed, thought to be c1959 built by Gus Hosken [Source: A. Sellers], The homestead itself has a simple plan form, similar to others in the district (said to be based on the Bowes model, (see Site No.141), with the rooms all adjacent in a long row with no interconnecting doors, but with an access verandah down both long sides (east and west). On the front (east), the verandah ends have been enclosed, either originally or very early on, with masonry. The rear verandah has been enclosed with timber studwork and sheet asbestos on the west, possibly for weather control as well as providing covered, internal access. All the buildings are stone however, over time, the homestead walls have been cement rendered. This was probably an attempt to control damp but has only caused the stone walls to fret and deteriorate. The present owners are currently removing the render and concrete and restoring the original stone work. The three main rooms and verandahs have concrete floors which may have replaced original floor finishes. The concrete may be adding to deterioration of walls by trapping moisture. Recently the concrete floors to verandas has been broken back and removed along the walls to allow them to breathe and ultimately all concrete against walls should be removed. The separate dining/kitchen building has been cement rendered and the render may have to be removed and restored to arrest the deterioration that is occurring. The dairy room, where cheeses were made and stored is of particular interest in terms of the day to day activities and self sufficiency of homestead life. The stables at the bottom of the rear walled yard have the roof and walls collapsing and are in urgent need of repair or stabilisation. The collection of buildings to the north of the homestead, comprising two storey barn, laundry, storerooms and the separate staff quarters, cum original homestead, all need further investigation and study as does the whole complex.

History

Willi Gulli was originally part of William Burges' lease - The Bowes (Site No.141). However, in the late 1850s Mr John Williams, who was a former overseer for Burges, took it up as a separate run, of which the lease was granted in 1861. The property is situated on the Bowes River near Sandy Gully, three miles from the coast. The Willi Gulli homestead and outbuildings were built during the 1860s to house the growing Williams family. It is thought (anecdotal) that the local stone used to build the homestead was quarried by ticket-of-leave men from the Lynton Hiring Station (Site No.25). They were employed to build the house, cottages, barns, servants' quarters, stables and walled gardens. The property was broken up in the early 1900s following the non-renewal of pastoral leases resulting from the Agricultural Purchase Land Act of 1896. The Williams family bought the homestead block, while family members purchased farms that were previously part of the pastoral lease, such as Sylvan Vale, Eastbrook, Inga Vale, Sheppy Farm and Riverdew. The homestead block remained in the Williams family until 1927 when it was sold to Morrissey Brothers of Munbinia Station Yalgoo. The property was later purchased by Mr Arthur Johnson. (Lyn Diepeveen, Northampton Historical Society)

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: High Modifications: Fibro verandah enclosures Orig'l Fabric: Mostly intact

Condition

Good

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Chauncy's Cairn

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Physical Description

The cairn consists of a trunk or branch of wandoo protruding from and supported by granite stones mounded around the trunk. The cairn is situated on top of a flat sheet granite outcrop/ ridge at the south end of an ironstone ridge overlooking Wariin Brook Valley and Cobb Road

History

The place is the only remaining survey marker used by Chauncy for York Road, and is the oldest known surviving road survey marker in Western Australia; Ngangaguringguring Hill

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: High Authenticity: High

Condition

Good

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Lynton Convict Hiring Depot (Ruins)

Child Places

• 08918 Lime Kiln & Quarry - Site of
• 03947 Lynton Barns & Stables (pt of Lynton Heritage Site)
• 17826 Sanford's House

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update

Child Places

• 08918 Lime Kiln & Quarry - Site of
• 03947 Lynton Barns & Stables (pt of Lynton Heritage Site)
• 17826 Sanford's House

Statement of Significance

The ruins of the convict hiring depot at Lynton have very high historic and social significance for the district and the State for their associations with convicts/ticket-of-leave men and the development of Port Gregory, the Geraldine Mine and surrounding districts. The convict depot is one of the few physical remnants of the convict era left in the State.

Physical Description

The limestone ruins of the Lynton convict hiring depot complex sit in a small valley near the coast at Port Gregory. Enough of the original fabric of two main buildings remains to gain some understanding of the place. The convict lockup building, with its holding cells, high perimeter, gable end walls and walled exercise yard, sits further up the valley than the other obvious ruins of the depot building. After the lockup building, the depot/hiring building is the most complete. Of the several other support buildings around the main depot most have largely disappeared or remain as piles of rubble or low walls. Interpretive signs, illustrating the layout of the complex, would help with an understanding of the place. 2004/05 Review: Works undertaken in late 2004 have resulted in one of the buildings being largely reconstructed and reroofed. Interpretive material has been installed.

History

The Lynton Hiring Depot was established in 1853, primarily to provide a labour force for the Geraldine Mine (Site No.7.) and the pastoral stations in the vicinity. On the 22 May 1853 the first ticket-of-leave men, accompanied by a detachment of Pensioner Guards to oversee them, arrived at Port Gregory on board the Leander and Gold Digger. Initially camped in tents, the construction of the stone depot buildings soon commenced but proceeded at a slow pace due to the time taken to cut limestone, lack of suitable local timber and a shortage of skilled tradesmen. The wrecking of the 'Mary Queen of Scots' in February 1855 also delayed construction as the ship was bringing a cargo of shingles to Lynton. Located in small valley near a bend on the Hutt River, the buildings included a lockup, depot building, hospital, quarters, blacksmith's shop and other associated buildings. The Lynton Hiring Depot was short lived. The isolation of the depot meant that it was a source of considerable expense for the Government. These expenses could not be justified with the sudden decline in the mining industry. In addition there were many cases of sickness owing to the salty water and poor soil which made it difficult to grow vegetables. On 3rd January 1857 the hiring depot was closed. Since then the buildings have generally remained unused and have fallen into disrepair, although farm produce has been stored in the depot building. It is said that during World War II stones were taken from the ruins to construct roads. Chronology Entries 1853 On the recommendation of Lord Grey, Secretary of State for the Colonies, a Convict Hiring Depot comprising of pensioner guards and convicts was established at Lynton, near Port Gregory, principally to build the roads to the Geraldine Mine, but also to build other roads and permanent buildings. Ticket-ofleave men worked below ground in the mines, side by side with free men as well as working as shepherds and farm hands for the settlers. 1853 Joseph Lucas Horrocks, who was convicted of forgery and had arrived at Fremantle on ilie 'Marion in 1852, moved to Lynton as a medical superintendent. Source Pages Ancient Landmarks, Bain, M. A., UWA Press, Perth, 1975 ISBN:0 85564 090 1 121 1855 Joseph Horrocks resigned his post at the Port Gregory Hiring Station and opened a store at Wanerenooka. He was also a member of the syndicate which opened the copper mine. 03/01/1857 Lynton was closed as a convict hiring depot, and the remaining pensioner guard families vacated theii" tents and moved into the stone buildings at the depot.

Integrity/Authenticity

Integrity: Low

Condition

Poor

Publish place record online (inHerit):

Last Update